The
Great Baltimore Fire raged in
Baltimore,
Maryland,
United States on Sunday, February 7 and Monday, February 8, 1904. 1,231
firefighters helped bring the blaze under control, both professional paid Truck and Engine companies from the city's B.C.F.D. and volunteers from the surrounding counties and outlying towns of Maryland, as well as out-of-state units that arrived on the major railroads. It destroyed much of central Baltimore, including over 1,500 buildings covering an area of some . From North Howard Street in the west and southwest, the flames spread north through the retail shopping area as far as Fayette Street and began moving eastward, pushed along by the prevailing winds. Narrowly missing the new
1900 Circuit Courthouse (now Clarence M. Mitchell, Jr. Courthouse), fire passed the historic
Battle Monument Square from 1815-27 at North Calvert Street, and the quarter-century old
Baltimore City Hall (of 1875) on Holliday Street; and finally spread further east to the
Jones Falls stream which divided the downtown business district from the old East Baltimore tightly-packed residential neighborhoods of
Jonestown (also known as Old Town) and newly named
"Little Italy". The fire's wide swath burned as far south as the wharves and piers lining the north side of the old "Basin" (today's "
Inner Harbor") of the Northwest Branch of the Baltimore Harbor and
Patapsco River facing along
Pratt Street. It is considered historically the third worst conflagration in an American city, surpassed only by the
Great Chicago Fire of 1871, and the
San Francisco Earthquake and Fire of 1906. Other major urban disasters that were comparable (but not fires) were the
Galveston Hurricane of 1900 and most recently,
Hurricane Katrina that hit
New Orleans and the
Gulf of Mexico coast in August 2005.