In
rail transport,
head-end power (
HEP) or
electric train supply (
ETS) is the electrical power distribution system on a passenger train. The power source, usually a locomotive at the front or 'head' of a train (or a generator car), provides the electricity used for lighting, electrical and other 'hotel' needs. The maritime equivalent is
hotel electric power. A successful attempt by the
London, Brighton and South Coast Railway in October 1881 to light the passenger car between London and Brighton heralded the beginning of using electricity to light trains in the world.