This list is a compilation of
experiments measuring the
cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation anisotropies and polarization since the first detection of the CMB by
Penzias and
Wilson in 1964. There have been a variety of
experiments to measure the
CMB anisotropies and polarization since its first observation in 1964 by
Penzias and
Wilson. These include a mix of ground-, balloon- and space-based receivers. Some notable experiments in the list are
COBE, which first detected the temperature anisotropies of the CMB, and showed that it had a black body spectrum;
DASI, which first detected the polarization signal from the CMB;
CBI, which made high-resolution observations and obtained the first E-mode polarization spectrum;
WMAP; and the
Planck spacecraft, which has produced the highest resolution all-sky map to-date of both the temperature anisotropies and polarization signals. Current scientific goals for CMB observation include precise measurement of gravitational lensing, which can constrain the mass of the
neutrino; and measurement of B-mode polarization as possible evidence for
cosmic inflation.