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List of kingdoms in pre-colonial Africa
There have been a number of historical African states of varying size and influence:
- Iron Age empires of North Africa
- Ancient Somali city states on the Berber coast.
- Medieval (8th to 13th century) Islamic empires (caliphates) in North Africa and the Horn of Africa
- Medieval and modern Somali states.
- The medieval Sahelian kingdoms
- The Ethiopian Empire is notable as an empire in continuous existence from the 13th to the 20th centuries.
- Empires of the 15th to 19th centuries.
- Islamic sultanates of the Sudan and the Horn of Africa
- Kingdoms of West Africa succeeding the Sahelian kingdoms
- Kingdoms of Central and Southern Africa such as the Kongo Kingdom and the Mutapa Empire.
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