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Nestorian Schism
In
church history
, the
Nestorian Schism
of 431AD to 544AD involved a split between the Christian churches of
Sassanid Persia
, which affiliated with
Nestorius
, and churches that rejected him. The schism rose out of a
Christological
dispute, notably involving
Cyril
(
Patriarch of Alexandria
) and
Nestorius
(
Patriarch of Constantinople
). The
First Council of Ephesus
in 431 and the
Council of Chalcedon
in 451 condemned Nestorius and
the doctrine he was accused of
, which emphasized the distinctness between
Christ's human and divine natures
. This forced a breach between those Churches which defended Nestorius and the
state church of the Roman Empire
, thereby causing the
Church of the East
- the Christian church of Sassanid Persia - to become known as the Nestorian Church for taking the side of Nestorius. Despite ratifying the
Council of Chalcedon
at the 544 Synod of
Mar Aba I
, the Christians of the Church of the East have been known most commonly - though inaccurately - as the Nestorians ever since.
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