Quaranjavirus is a new
genus of
enveloped RNA viruses, one of six genera in the
virus family
Orthomyxoviridae. The
genome is
single-stranded,
negative-sense segmented
RNA, generally with six segments.
Quaranfil virus is the type species, and the genus also contains the species
Johnston Atoll virus; it has been proposed to contain species or strains including Cygnet River virus, Lake Chad virus, Tyulek virus and Wellfleet Bay virus. Quaranjaviruses predominantly infect
arthropods and
birds; as of March 2015,
Quaranfil virus is the only member of the genus to have been shown to infect humans. The
Quaranfil and
Johnston Atoll viruses are transmitted between
vertebrates by
ticks, resembling members of
Thogotovirus, another genus of
Orthomyxoviridae.