The Second Constitutional Era (; ) of the Ottoman Empire established shortly after the 1908 Young Turk Revolution which forced Sultan Abdul Hamid II to restore the constitutional monarchy by the revival of the Ottoman parliament, the General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire and restoring of the Ottoman constitution of 1876. The parliament and the constitution of  First Constitutional Era was suspended by Abdul Hamid II in 1878 after only two years of functioning. Young Turks joined many political parties and groups for the first time in the Empire.