The
Treaty of Vilnius or
Vilna was concluded on 28 November 1561, during the
Livonian War, between the
Livonian Confederation and the
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at
Vilnius (Vilna, Wilna, Wilno). With the treaty, the non-Danish and non-Swedish part of
Livonia, with the exception of the
Free imperial city of
Riga, subjected itself to Polish king and
Grand Duke of Lithuania,
Sigismund II Augustus with the
Pacta subiectionis (Provisio ducalis). In turn, Sigismund granted protection from the
Tsardom of Russia and confirmed the Livonian estates' traditional privileges, laid out in the
Privilegium Sigismundi Augusti.