A
pitot ( )
tube is a
pressure measurement instrument used to measure
fluid flow velocity. The pitot tube was invented by the
French engineer
Henri Pitot in the early 18th century and was modified to its modern form in the mid-19th century by French scientist
Henry Darcy. It is widely used to determine the
airspeed of an
aircraft, water speed of a boat, and to measure liquid, air and gas flow velocities in industrial applications. The pitot tube is used to measure the local flow velocity at a given point in the flow stream and not the average flow velocity in the pipe or conduit.