Smart antennas (also known as adaptive array antennas, multiple antennas and, recently,
MIMO) are
antenna arrays with smart signal processing algorithms used to identify spatial signal signature such as the
direction of arrival (DOA) of the signal, and use it to calculate
beamforming vectors, to track and locate the antenna beam on the mobile/target. Smart antennas should not be confused with
reconfigurable antennas, which have similar capabilities but are single element antennas and not antenna arrays.