Toxicology (from the
Ancient Greek words
toxikos "poisonous" and λόγος
logos) is a branch of
biology,
chemistry, and
medicine (more specifically
pharmacology) concerned with the study of the adverse effects of
chemicals on living organisms. It also studies the harmful effects of chemical, biological and physical agents in biological systems that establishes the extent of damage in living organisms. The relationship between dose and its effects on the exposed organism is of high significance in toxicology. Factors that influence chemical toxicity include the dosage (and whether it is acute or chronic); the route of exposure, the species, age, sex and environment.