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Chester A. Arthur
Chester Alan Arthur
(October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886) was an American attorney and politician who served as the
21st
President of the United States
(1881–85); he succeeded
James A. Garfield
upon the latter's
assassination
. At the outset, Arthur struggled to overcome a slightly negative reputation, which stemmed from his early career in politics as part of
New York's
Republican
political machine
. He succeeded by embracing the cause of
civil service
reform. His advocacy for, and subsequent enforcement of, the
Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act
was the centerpiece of his administration.
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