The Federation Council (; Sovet Federatsii) is the upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia  (the parliament of the Russian Federation), according to the 1993 Constitution of the Russian Federation. Each of the 85 federal subjects of Russia – consisting of 22 republics, 46 oblasts, nine krais, three federal cities, four autonomous okrugs, and one autonomous oblast – sends two senators to the Council, 8 senators who are appointed by the President of Russia, for a total membership of 187 Councillors.