In economics, land comprises all naturally occurring resources whose supply is inherently fixed. Examples are any and all particular geographical locations, mineral deposits, forests, fish stocks, atmospheric quality, geostationary orbits, and portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Natural resources are fundamental to the  production of all goods, including capital goods. Location values must not be confused with values imparted by fixed capital improvements. In classical economics, land is considered one of the three factors of production (also sometimes called the three producer goods) along with capital, and labor. Land is sometimes merged with capital to simplify micro-economics. However, a common mistake is combining land and capital in macro-analysis. Income derived from ownership or control of natural resources is referred to as rent.

Land Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal dedicated to the study of land use, natural resources, public utilities, housing, and urban land issues. The journal was established in 1925 by the founder of the American Economic Association, Richard T. Ely (University of Wisconsin). Land Economics covers such topics as transportation, energy, urban and rural land use, housing, environmental quality, public utilities, and natural resources. In addition to regular articles, Land Economics also publishes comments on articles previously published in the journal, along with replies from the original author. There are also book reviews for selected recently released books and a full list of books received.