Li Xueqin (, born 28 March 1933) is a Chinese historian, archaeologist, epigrapher, and professor of Tsinghua University. He is considered in China to be "the most important historian working today". He has served as Director of the Institute of History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Director of the Institute of Sinology of Tsinghua University, head of the Pre-Qin History Association of China, and Director of the Xia–Shang–Zhou Chronology Project.