In
historiography, the
Western Roman Empire consists of the western provinces of the
Roman Empire at any one time during which they were administered by a separate independent Imperial court, coequal with (or only nominally subordinate to) that administering the
eastern half. Both "Western Roman Empire" and "Eastern Roman Empire" (or "
Byzantine Empire") are modern terms describing
de facto independent
entities; however, at no point did
Romans consider the Empire split into two, but rather considered it a single state governed by two separate Imperial courts out of administrative expediency. The view that the Empire was impossible to govern by one emperor was established by
Diocletian following the disastrous civil wars and disintegration of the
Crisis of the 3rd century, and was instituted in Roman law by his introduction of the
Tetrarchy in AD 285, a form of government which was legally to endure in one form or another for centuries. The Western Court was periodically abolished and recreated for the next two centuries until final abolition by the Emperor
Zeno in 480, by which time there was little effective central control left in the area legally administered by the Western Court.