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Embryophyte
The
Embryophyta
are the most familiar
subkingdom
of green plants that form
vegetation
on earth. Living embryophytes include
hornworts
,
liverworts
,
mosses
,
ferns
,
lycophytes
,
gymnosperms
and
flowering plants
, and emerged from Charophyte
green algae
. The Embryophyta are informally called
land plants
because they live primarily in terrestrial habitats, while the related green algae are primarily aquatic. All are complex
multicellular
eukaryotes
with specialized
reproductive organs
. The name derives from their
innovative characteristic
of nurturing the young embryo
sporophyte
during the early stages of its multicellular development within the tissues of the parent
gametophyte
. With very few exceptions, embryophytes obtain their energy by
photosynthesis
, that is by using the energy of sunlight to synthesize their food from
carbon dioxide
and water.
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