Buchenwald concentration camp (
German:
Konzentrationslager (KZ) Buchenwald, ; literally, in
English:
beech forest) was a German
Nazi concentration camp established on the
Ettersberg (Etter Mountain) near
Weimar,
Germany, in July 1937, one of the first and the largest of the concentration camps on German soil, following
Dachau's opening just over four years earlier.