Cospas

The International Cospas-Sarsat Programme is a satellite-based search and rescue (SAR) distress alert detection and information distribution system, established by Canada, France, the United States, and the former Soviet Union in 1979. It is best known as the system that detects and locates emergency beacons activated by aircraft, ships and backcountry hikers in distress. Over the years many countries have joined the project, either as providers of ground segments or as user states. , 26 country or regional governments (Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Chile, People's Republic of China, Greece,  Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Peru, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam) and one organization (Chunghwa Telecom) are providers of ground segments, while 11 countries are user states (Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Madagascar, Netherlands, Poland, Serbia, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia). The Secretariat of the International Cospas-Sarsat Programme is based in Montréal, Québec, Canada, and is headed by Steven Lett of the United States.[1] The system consists of a ground segment and a space segment:

• Distress radiobeacons to be activated in a life-threatening emergency
• SAR signal repeaters (SARR) and SAR signal processors (SARP) aboard satellites
• Satellite downlink receiving and signal processing stations called LUTs (local user terminals)
• Mission Control Centres that distribute to Rescue Coordination Centres distress alert data (particularly beacon location data) generated by the LUTs
• Rescue Coordination Centres that facilitate coordination of the SAR agency and personnel response to a distress situation.