Noonan syndrome

Noonan syndrome (NS) is a relatively common autosomal dominant congenital disorder  that affects both males and females. It is referred to as the male version of Turner's syndrome (and is still sometimes described in this way); however, the genetic causes of Noonan syndrome and Turner syndrome are distinct. The principal features include congenital heart defect (typically pulmonary valve stenosis; also atrial septal defect and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), short stature, learning problems, pectus excavatum, impaired blood clotting, and a characteristic configuration of facial features including a webbed neck and a flat nose bridge. NS is a RASopathy, and is one of several disorders that are caused by a disruption of RAS-MAPK pathway signaling.