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Phenomenology (psychology)
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Phenomenology (psychology)
Phenomenology
is the study of subjective experience. It is an approach to psychological subject matter that has its roots in the
philosophical work
of
Edmund Husserl
. Early phenomenologists such as
Husserl
,
Jean-Paul Sartre
, and
Maurice Merleau-Ponty
conducted philosophical investigations of consciousness in the early 20th century. Their critiques of
psychologism
and
positivism
later influenced at least two main fields of contemporary psychology: the phenomenological psychological approach of the Duquesne School (The
Descriptive Phenomenological Method in Psychology
), including
Amedeo Giorgi
and Frederick Wertz; and the experimental approaches associated with
Francisco Varela
,
Shaun Gallagher
,
Evan Thompson
, and others (
embodied mind thesis
). Other names associated with the movement include
Jonathan Smith
(
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
), Steinar Kvale, and
Wolfgang Köhler
. Phenomenological psychologists have also figured prominently in the history of the
humanistic psychology
movement.
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