A
vehicle bus is a specialized internal
communications network that interconnects components inside a
vehicle (e.g. automobile, bus, train, industrial or agricultural vehicle, ship, or aircraft). Special requirements for vehicle control such as
assurance of message delivery, of non-conflicting messages, of minimum time of delivery, of low cost, and of
EMF noise resilience, as well as redundant routing and other characteristics mandate the use of less common networking protocols. Protocols include
Controller Area Network (CAN),
Local Interconnect Network (LIN) and others. Conventional computer networking technologies (such as
Ethernet and
TCP/IP) are rarely used, except in aircraft, where implementations of the ARINC 664 such as the
Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet are used. Aircraft that use AFDX include the
B787, the
A400M and the
A380.