Babalon (also known as the
Scarlet Woman,
Great Mother or
Mother of Abominations) is a goddess found in the mystical system of
Thelema, which was established in 1904 with English author and
occultist Aleister Crowley's writing of
The Book of the Law, her name being later given in other works. In her most abstract form, she represents the female sexual impulse and the liberated woman. In the
creed of the
Gnostic Mass she is also identified with
Mother Earth, in her most fertile sense. At the same time, Crowley believed that Babalon had an earthly aspect in the form of a spiritual office, which could be filled by actual women—usually as a counterpart to his own identification as "
To Mega Therion" (The Great Beast)—whose duty was then to help manifest the energies of the current
Aeon of Horus.