Georges Ernest Jean-Marie Boulanger (29 April 1837 – 30 September 1891), nicknamed
Général Revanche, was a
French general and politician. An enormously popular public figure during the
Third Republic, he won a series of elections and was feared to be powerful enough to establish himself as dictator at the apogee of his popularity in January 1889. His base of support was the working districts of
Paris and other cities, plus rural traditionalist
Catholics and royalists. He promoted an aggressive
nationalism, known as
Revanchism, which opposed Germany and called for the defeat of the
Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) to be avenged.