Detachment faulting is associated with large-scale
extensional tectonics. Detachment
faults often have very large displacements (tens of km) and juxtapose unmetamorphosed hanging walls against medium to high-grade
metamorphic footwalls that are called
metamorphic core complexes. They are thought to have formed as either initially low-angle structures or by the rotation of initially high-angle
normal faults modified also by the
isostatic effects of tectonic denudation. Examples of detachment faulting include:
Detachment faults have been found on the sea floor close to divergent plate boundaries characterised by a limited supply of upwelling magma. These detachment faults are associated with the development of
oceanic core complex structures.