The
Egyptian revolution of 1952 , also known as the
23 July Revolution, began on 23 July 1952, by the
Free Officers Movement, a group of army officers led by
Muhammad Naguib and
Gamal Abdel Nasser. The revolution was initially aimed at overthrowing
King Faruq. However, the movement had more political ambitions, and soon moved to abolish the
constitutional monarchy and aristocracy of
Egypt and
Sudan, establish a republic, end the
British occupation of the country, and secure the independence of Sudan (previously governed as an
Anglo-Egyptian condominium). The revolutionary government adopted a staunchly
nationalist,
anti-imperialist agenda, which came to be expressed chiefly through
Arab nationalism, and international
non-alignment.