Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh (November 3, 1688 – September 21, 1743) was the
Rajput ruler of the
kingdom of Amber (later called
Jaipur). He was born at
Amber, the capital of the
Kachwahas. He became ruler of Amber at the age of 11 after his father
Maharaja Bishan Singh died on 31 December 1699.He was given title of
Sawai at the age of eleven by the Mughal Emperor,
Aurangzeb in the year 1699, who had summoned him to Delhi, impressed by his wit. Later he proved to be
Sawai also in warfare.On 21 April 1721, the
Mughal emperor
Muhammad Shah bestowed upon him the title of
Saramad-i-Rajaha-i-Hind and on 2 June 1723, the emperor further bestowed him the titles of
Raj Rajeshvar,
Shri Rajadhiraj and
Maharaja Sawai. "
Sawai" means one and a quarter times superior to his contemporaries. These titles adorn his descendants even to this date. He had a great interest in mathematics, architecture and astronomy.