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Kathleen Lonsdale
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Kathleen Lonsdale
Dame Kathleen Lonsdale
,
DBE
FRS
(née Yardley, 28 January 1903 – 1 April 1971) was an Irish
crystallographer
who proved that the
benzene
ring was flat by
X-ray diffraction
methods in 1929. She was the first to use
Fourier spectral methods
while solving the structure of
hexachlorobenzene
in 1931. During her career she attained several firsts for a woman scientist, including one of the first two women elected a
Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1945
(along with
Marjory Stephenson
), first woman tenured professor at
University College London
, first woman president of the
International Union of Crystallography
, and first woman president of the
British Association for the Advancement of Science
.
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