Luigi Aloisio Galvani (; September 9, 1737 – December 4, 1798) was an
Italian physician, physicist, biologist and philosopher, who discovered
animal electricity. He is recognized as the pioneer of
bioelectromagnetics. In 1780, he discovered that the muscles of dead frogs' legs twitched when struck by an electrical spark. This was one of the first forays into the study of
bioelectricity, a field that still studies the electrical patterns and signals of the
nervous system.