Nea Kameni is a small uninhabited
Greek island of
volcanic origin located in the
Aegean Sea within the flooded
Santorini caldera. Nea Kameni and the neighbouring small island Palea (or Palia) Kameni (the new and old burnt islands) have formed over the past two millennia by repeated eruptions of
dacite lava and ash. The Roman historian
Cassius Dio records in the year 47 AD "This year a small islet, hitherto unknown, made an appearance close to the island of Thera." Major eruptions over the past 300 years took place in 1707–1712, 1866–1870, 1925–1928, and 1939-1941. The last small eruption happened in 1950 and involved
lava dome extrusion.