In political science, the term radical right has been used to refer to the range of European right-wing parties that have grown in support since the late 1970s. Political parties labelled as radical right have varied in their specific ideological approach, from right-wing populism to white nationalism and fascism. However, they have shared a number of common causes, which typically include criticism of immigration and multiculturalism, opposition to the European Union, and social conservatism.