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Additional
Umayyad family tree
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Umayyad family tree
This is a
family tree
of the Umayyad dynasty, whose name derives from
Umayya ibn Abd Shams
. Umayya's great-grandson
Muawiyah I
founded the
Umayyad Caliphate
in 661, and transferred its capital to
Damascus
,
Syria
. The
Sufyanid
branch to which Muawiyah belonged ceased to exercise power following the abdication of
Muawiya II
in 684. Power shifted to the
Marwanid
branch, which continued to rule the caliphate until the
Umayyads
were displaced and massacred by the
Abbasids
in 750 (see
Battle of the Zab
). An
Umayyad
prince named
Abd ar-Rahman
managed to escape the massacre, and fled to the
Iberian peninsula
(
Al-Andalus
) where he established an independent
emirate
ruled from the city of
Córdoba
. His descendants continued to rule the
Emirate of Córdoba
, which
Abd-ar-Rahman III
elevated to the status of caliphate in 929. The
Caliphate of Córdoba
disintegrated into several independent
taifa
kingdoms in 1031, thus bringing to a definitive end the rule of the
Umayyads
.
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