confirmation

In Catholicism, confirmation is seen as the sealing of the covenant created in Holy Baptism. In some denominations, confirmation also bestows full membership in a local congregation upon the recipient. In others, such as the Roman Catholic Church, confirmation "renders the bond with the Church more perfect", because, while a baptized person is already a member, "reception of the sacrament of Confirmation is necessary for the completion of baptismal grace". Roman Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox Churches, and many Anglicans view Confirmation as a sacrament. In the East it is conferred immediately after baptism. In the West, this practice is followed when adults are baptized, but in the case of infants not in danger of death it is administered, ordinarily by a bishop, only when the child reaches the age of reason or early adolescence. Among those Catholics who practice teen-aged confirmation, the practice may be perceived, secondarily, as a "coming of age" rite. In Protestant churches, the rite tends to be seen rather as a mature statement of faith by an already baptised person. It is also required by most Protestant denominations for membership in the respective church, in particular for traditional Protestant churches. In traditional Protestant churches (Presbyterian, Methodist, Lutheran  etc.) it is recognized by a coming of age ceremony. Confirmation is not practised in Baptist, Anabaptist and other groups that teach believer's baptism. The sacrament is administered to converts from non-Christian religions and from churches that are either nontrinitarian or practice believer's baptism.

Die Firmung (lat.: confirmatio ‚Bestätigung, Bekräftigung‘) ist eines der sieben Sakramente der römisch-katholischen, der altkatholischen und der orthodoxen Kirche (dort griech. myron ‚Salbung‘ genannt) sowie eine sakramentale Handlung (Sakramentale) in der anglikanischen Kirche.

Het vormsel (in het Latijn confirmatio, vestiging, bekrachtiging, versterking) is een sacrament waardoor een gedoopte de kracht van de Heilige Geest ontvangt om zijn geloof standvastig te kunnen belijden. Het vormsel is gebaseerd op de apostolische leer en de Bijbel (Hand. 8:14-17; Ef. 4:30).

La confirmation (du latin confirmatio, action de consolider, d'étayer, d'affermir, encouragements, affirmation) est un sacrement de l'initiation chrétienne dans l'Église catholique et l'Église orthodoxe (alors plutôt appelée chrismation). La confirmation protestante est pratiquée dans certaines Églises réformées, mais elle n'y a pas le statut de sacrement. Certaines églises néo-apostoliques parlent du Saint-Scellé.

Confirmation – album muzyczny amerykańskiego pianisty jazzowego Tommy'ego Flanagana nagrany w Stanach Zjednoczonych dla niemieckiej wytwórni Enja.

Bierzmowanie – jeden z siedmiu sakramentów w Kościołach katolickich, starokatolickich, prawosławnych.