customer

A customer (sometimes known as a , buyer, or purchaser) is the recipient of a Good or a service, or a product, or an idea, obtained from a seller, vendor, or supplier via a financial transaction or exchange for money or some other valuable consideration. Etymologically, a client is someone merely to do business, whereas a purchaser procures goods or services on occasion but a customer customarily or habitually engages in transactions. This distinction is merely historic. Today customers are generally categorized into two types:

• An entrepreneur or trader' (sometimes a commercial Intermediary) who is a dealer that purchases goods for re-sale.
• An end user or ultimate customer who does not re-sell the things bought but is the actual consumer or an agent such as a Purchasing officer for the consumer.

A customer may or may not also be a consumer, but the two notions are distinct, even though the terms are commonly confused. A customer purchases goods; a consumer uses them. An ultimate customer may be a consumer as well, but just as equally may have purchased items for someone else to consume. An intermediate customer is not a consumer at all. The situation is somewhat complicated in that ultimate customers of so-called industrial goods and services (who are entities such as government bodies, manufacturers, and educational and medical institutions) either themselves use up the goods and services that they buy, or incorporate them into other finished products, and so are technically consumers, too. However, they are rarely called that, but are rather called industrial customers or business-to-business customers. Similarly, customers who buy services rather than goods are rarely called consumers.

Ein Kunde ist eine Person oder eine Institution, die ein offensichtliches Interesse am Vertragsschluss zum Zwecke des Erwerbs eines Produkts oder einer Dienstleistung gegenüber einem Unternehmen oder einer Institution zeigt.

Een klant is de afnemer van een goed of dienst van een leverancier. In principe is het zo dat hier betaling tegenover staat. Voor veel organisaties zijn klanten een belangrijke bron om - direct of indirect - inkomsten te verwerven. Het woord 'klant' is ontstaan vanuit de betekenis: geïnteresseerde.

Un client, au sens économique, désigne la personne ou l'entité qui prend la décision d'acheter un bien ou service, de façon occasionnelle ou habituelle, à un fournisseur (voir commerce).;