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Additional
drug discovery
English Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia
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Drug discovery
In the fields of
medicine
,
biotechnology
and
pharmacology
,
drug discovery
is the process by which new candidate
medications
are discovered. Historically, drugs were discovered through identifying the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by
serendipitous
discovery. Later
chemical libraries
of synthetic
small molecules
,
natural products
or
extracts
were screened in intact cells or whole organisms to identify substances that have a desirable
therapeutic
effect in a process known as
classical pharmacology
. Since
sequencing
of the
human genome
which allowed rapid cloning and synthesis of large quantities of purified proteins, it has become common practice to use
high throughput screening
of large compounds libraries against isolated
biological targets
which are hypothesized to be disease modifying in a process known as
reverse pharmacology
. Hits from these screens are then tested in cells and then in animals for
efficacy
.
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