geometric

Geometry (from the ; "earth", "measurement") is a branch of mathematics concerned with questions of shape, size, relative position of figures, and the properties of space. A mathematician who works in the field of geometry is called a geometer. Geometry arose independently in a number of early cultures as a body of practical knowledge concerning lengths, areas, and volumes, with elements of formal mathematical science emerging in the West as early as Thales (6th century BC). By the 3rd century BC, geometry was put into an axiomatic form by Euclid, whose treatment—Euclidean geometry—set a standard for many centuries to follow. Archimedes developed ingenious techniques for calculating areas and volumes, in many ways anticipating modern integral calculus. The field of astronomy, especially as it relates to mapping the positions of stars and planets on the celestial sphere and describing the relationship between movements of celestial bodies, served as an important source of geometric problems during the next one and a half millennia. In the classical world, both geometry and astronomy were considered to be part of the Quadrivium, a subset of the seven liberal arts considered essential for a free citizen to master.

Die Geometrie ( geometria (ionisch geometrie) ‚Erdmaß‘, ‚Erdmessung‘, ‚Landmessung‘) ist ein Teilgebiet der Mathematik.

De meetkunde of geometrie (van het Oudgrieks: γεωμετρία, geo-"aarde",-Metria "meting") het "meten van de aarde" is het onderdeel van de wiskunde, dat zich bezighoudt met het bepalen van afmetingen, vormen, de relatieve positie van figuren en de eigenschappen van de ruimte. De specifiek Nederlandse term meetkunde werd rond 1600 door de Vlaamse wiskundige Simon Stevin geïntroduceerd. Een wiskundige, die op het gebied van de meetkunde werkt, wordt een meetkundige genoemd.

Traditionnellement, la géométrie est la partie des mathématiques qui étudie les figures du plan et de l'espace (géométrie euclidienne).