incarceration

A prison, correctional facility, penitentiary, gaol (Ireland, UK, Australia), or jail is a facility in which inmates are forcibly confined and denied a variety of freedoms under the authority of the state as a form of punishment. The most common use of prisons is within a criminal justice system. People charged with crimes may be imprisoned until they are brought to trial; those pleading or being found guilty of crimes at trial may be sentenced to a specified period of imprisonment. Besides their use for punishing civil crimes, authoritarian regimes also frequently use prisons and jails as tools of political repression to punish what are deemed political crimes, often without trial or other legal due process; this use is illegal under most forms of international law governing fair administration of justice. In times of war, prisoners of war or detainees may be detained in military prisons or prisoner of war camps, and large groups of civilians might be imprisoned in internment camps.

L'emprisonnement est une peine correctionnelle privative de liberté, de 2 mois à 10 ans au plus, qui s'exécute dans une maison d'arrêt, exceptionnellement dans une maison centrale ou dans un centre pénitentiaire.

Un prisonnier est une personne privée de liberté. Elle peut être retenue dans une prison, ou bien être en résidence surveillée.