Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), also called
dry eye syndrome (
DES) or
keratitis sicca, is an
eye disease caused by eye
dryness, which, in turn, is caused by either decreased
tear production or increased tear film evaporation. It is found in humans and some animals. KCS is the most common
eye disease, affecting 5 - 6% of the population. Prevalence rises to 6 - 9.8% in postmenopausal women, and as high as 34% in the elderly. The phrase "keratoconjunctivitis sicca" is
Latin, and its translation is "dry [inflammation] of the
cornea and
conjunctiva".