malthusian

Malthusianism is a school of ideas derived from the political/economic thought of the Reverend Thomas Robert Malthus, as laid out in his 1798 writings, An Essay on the Principle of Population, which describes how unchecked population growth is exponential while the growth of the food supply was expected to be arithmetical. Malthus believed there were two types of "checks" that could then reduce the population, returning it to a more sustainable level. He believed there were "preventive checks" such as moral restraints (abstinence, delayed marriage until finances become balanced), and restricting marriage against persons suffering poverty and/or defects. Malthus believed in "positive checks", which lead to 'premature' death: disease, starvation, war, resulting in what is called a Malthusian catastrophe. The catastrophe would return population to a lower, more "sustainable", level. The term has been applied in different ways over the last two hundred years, and has been linked to a variety of other political and social movements, but almost always refers to advocates of population control.

Thomas Robert Malthus (* 13. Februar, nach anderen Quellen am 14. oder 17. Februar, 1766 in Wotton bei Dorking, in der englischen Grafschaft Surrey; † 29. Dezember 1834 in Bath) war ein britischer Ökonom, der zu den Vertretern der klassischen Nationalökonomie gezählt wird.

Thomas Robert Malthus (Rookery, nabij Dorking, 14/17 februari 1766 – St Catherine, nabij Bath, 23 december 1834) was een Brits demograaf, econoom en predikant. In 1805 werd Malthus benoemd tot hoogleraar economie in Cambridge. Hij staat bekend om zijn pessimistische (Malthus was een misantroop) maar zeer invloedrijke meningen.

Thomas Robert Malthus, né près de Guildford (Surrey) le et mort à Bath (Somerset) le , est un économiste britannique de l'École classique, et également un pasteur anglican.

Thomas Robert Malthus (ur. 14 lutego 1766, Surrey - zm. 23 grudnia 1834, Bath) – ekonomista angielski, duchowny anglikański, który prowadził badania z pogranicza ekonomii i socjologii. Zajmował się teorią ludności oraz problemami płac i pieniądza. W 1805 roku został pierwszym w Anglii profesorem ekonomii politycznej.