The
international financial institutions (
IFIs) are
financial institutions that have been established (or chartered) by more than one country, and hence are subjects of
international law. Their owners or shareholders are generally national governments, although other
international institutions and other organizations occasionally figure as shareholders. The most prominent IFIs are creations of multiple nations, although some bilateral financial institutions (created by two countries) exist and are technically IFIs. The best known IFIs were established after World War II to assist in the reconstruction of Europe and provide mechanisms for international cooperation in managing the global financial system.