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Additional
transmembrane receptor
English Wikipedia - The Free Encyclopedia
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Cell surface receptor
Cell surface receptors
(
membrane receptors
,
transmembrane receptors
) are
receptors
at the surface of a
cell
(built into its
cell membrane
) that act in
cell signaling
by receiving (binding to) extracellular
molecules
. They are specialized
integral membrane proteins
that allow communication between the cell and the outside world. The extracellular molecules may be
hormones
,
neurotransmitters
,
cytokines
,
growth factors
,
cell adhesion molecules
, or
nutrients
; they react with the receptor to induce changes in the
metabolism
and activity of a cell. In the process of
signal transduction
,
ligand
binding affects a cascading chemical change through the cell membrane.
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